scroll to the S2 switch.įor example, S2 is at x10 and then measure the voltage at which the LED 4 LED 4 is 0.48, so the value will be multiplied by (0.48 x 10) = 4.8, we can estimate that The measured the voltage is 4.8V. Do not forget the mouth of an alligator clip to the ground of the temple, which will air on the fire ground, it must be the same.īy each LED to indicate that the first increment of 0.12V to 1.2V, so that each LED with a voltage equal to 0.12V when measuring the distance between the LED and the location where it is to be multiplied by that value. If no LED is attached to gradually move to the X10 or X1 S1, respectively. If we do not have to guess how much the voltage is measured. However, before Adjust the switch S2 to position X100 before. When we press the switch S1 is ready to measure DC the voltage up. In Figure 2, the PCB layout and positioning of components of this project. When the time we had to take the ground of the circuit connected to the ground of the measures we are. Ah, so the current through each LED is around 10 mA or about 10 times the current at pin 7, R4 is to control the brightness of the LED also makes reference voltage between Pin 7 and 8 at 1.2 volts. So that the voltage at pin 5 does not exceed 1.2V.Įach output pin can drive currents up to 30 mA and the current through each LED can be controlled by using a 1.2K ohm R4 here is the current flowing out of pin 7 is approximately equal to 1 mA. Full-scale voltage pin 5, so it will get from 0-1.2V voltage by R1, R2, R3 reduce the voltage to the probe handle itself. If the voltage is 1.2V LED10 is lit, it is also shown that point. If the reference voltage is 1.2V if the voltage at pin 5 is equal or close to 0.36 Volt to LED3. Then display a level 10 from 0.12V to 1.2V. Pin 5 serves as input to measure the voltage into the IC. By releasing it to float to pin 9 of IC). In characteristics bar chart to the output pin 10 (pin 9 connected to the positive power supply Vcc to give the impression that the point of this project. Now your circuit is ready to use.In case of display has the IC1-number is LM3914 meter display IC. Similarly at 12V, the red LED will deactivate. Lower the voltage of the power supply to 12.3V at this voltage green LED should deactivate. Increase the power supply voltage to 12.6V, both the LEDs should be activated at this voltage. Again change the power supply voltage to 12V and adjust the variable resistor connected with pin 2 of the IC until the red LED turns off.Īfter these settings do a final test with the circuit. Adjust the variable resistor connected with pin 5 of the IC until the green LED turns off. Replace the battery in this circuit with this variable power supply. For adjusting this circuit you will need a variable power supply and set its voltage on 12.3V. Circuit Adjustmentīefore using this circuit some adjustments are needed initially. Red LED will deactivate when the voltage of the battery falls on 12V indicating that the battery is low and needs to be charged. When its voltage falls on 12.3V Green LED will go off indicating that the battery is half. They both have a variable resistor of 10K ohms connected at their inputs to adjust the LEDs to go OFF on desired voltages.īoth LEDs will glow indicating the battery is full. Both of the operational amplifiers of the LM358 IC are used as comparators to detect the voltage of the battery attached to the circuit for monitoring.
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